Combining Entangled and Non-Entangled Based Quantum Key Distribution Protocol With GHZ State (2411.06586v1)

Abstract: This paper presents a novel hybrid Quantum Key Distribution ,QKD, protocol that combines entanglement based and non entanglement based approaches to optimize security and the number of generated keys. We introduce a dynamic system that integrates a three particle GHZ state method with the two state B92 protocol, using a quantum superposition state to probabilistically switch between them. The GHZ state component leverages strong three particle entanglement correlations for enhanced security, while the B92 component offers simplicity and potentially higher key generation rates. Implemented and simulated using Qiskit, our approach demonstrates higher number of generated keys compared to standalone protocols while maintaining robust security. We present a comprehensive analysis of the security properties and performance characteristics of the proposed protocol. The results show that this combined method effectively balances the trade offs inherent in QKD systems, offering a flexible framework adaptable to varying channel conditions and security requirements.This research contributes to ongoing efforts to make QKD more practical and efficient, potentially advancing the development of large scale, secured quantum networks.