Sine-Gordon breathers generation in driven long Josephson junctions

Abstract: We consider a long Josephson junction excited by a suitable external ac-signal, in order to generate control and detect breathers. Studying the nonlinear supratransmission phenomenon in a nonlinear sine-Gordon chain sinusoidally driven, Geniet and Leon explored the bifurcation of the energy transmitted into the chain and calculated a threshold $A (\omega)$ for the external driving signal amplitude, at which the energy flows into the system by breathers modes. I numerically study the continuous sine-Gordon model, describing the dynamics of the phase difference in a long Josephson junction, in order to deeply investigate the "continuous limit" modifications to this threshold. Wherever the energy flows into the system due to the nonlinear supratransmission, a peculiar breather localization areas appear in a $(A, \omega)$ parameters space. The emergence of these areas depends on the damping parameter value, the bias current, and the waveform of driving external signal. The robustness of generated breathers is checked by introducing into the model a thermal noise source to mimic the environmental fluctuations. Presented results allows one to consider a cryogenic experiment for creation and detection of Josephson breathers.