On transversal submanifolds and their measure

Abstract: We study the class of transversal submanifolds. We characterize their blow-ups at transversal points and prove a negligibility theorem for their "generalized characteristic set", with respect to the Carnot-Carath\'eodory Hausdorff measure. This set is made by all points of non-maximal degree. Observing that C^1 submanifolds in Carnot groups are generically transversal, the previous results prove that the "intrinsic measure" of C^1 submanifolds is generically equivalent to their Carnot-Carath\'eodory Hausdorff measure. As a result, the restriction of this Hausdorff measure to the submanifold can be replaced by a more manageable integral formula, that should be seen as a "sub-Riemannian mass". Another consequence of these results is an explicit formula, only depending on the embedding of the submanifold, that computes the Carnot-Carath\'eodory Hausdorff dimension of C^1 transversal submanifolds.