Experimental review on global polarization and spin alignment in heavy-ion collisions

Abstract: Polarization phenomena in heavy-ion collisions have attracted considerable interest since the first experimental observation of global spin polarization. Over the past few years, particle polarization has emerged as a rapidly growing field, with new measurements that have stimulated intense theoretical efforts to understand the puzzling experimental results. In these proceedings, we review recent experimental progress on hyperon global polarization, local polarization along the beam direction, and vector-meson spin alignment in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, and newly emerging measurements of spin-spin correlations. These measurements provide new insights into the vortical structure of the quark-gluon plasma and the spin dynamics during the system evolution.