Volume Dependence of Helicity-based Eruption Diagnostics in Recurrent Coronal Jets

Abstract: Recurrent solar coronal jets originate from the same source region, providing a useful setting for studying the buildup, redistribution, and release of magnetic energy and helicity. However, how these quantities can characterize magnetic evolution and the onset conditions of the eruptions remains unclear. We perform a full three-dimensional (3D) thermodynamic magnetohydrodynamic simulation of recurrent jets driven by converging motions imposed at the bottom boundary. The simulation naturally produces two successive eruptions. The current-carrying helicity $H_J$ decreases during the first jet and gradually recovers between the two jets. In contrast, the free magnetic energy $E_{\mathrm{free}}$ shows no clear accumulation after its first release. This difference indicates that $H_J$ provides information on magnetic evolution beyond that provided by $E_{\mathrm{free}}$. Furthermore, the commonly used helicity ratio $H_J/H_V$ reaches different peaks near the onset of the two jets and is sensitive to the integration volume. By comparison, the locally normalized quantity $H_J/Φ<em>{\mathrm{closed}}<sup>2$ reaches similar peaks near the onset of both jets and is relatively insensitive to the choice among the tested integration volumes, where $Φ</em>{\mathrm{closed}}$ is the single-polarity magnetic flux of the closed-field domain. These results reveal the local nature of the eruptions and suggest that $H_J$ normalized by the square of the closed magnetic flux may be a useful diagnostic of eruptive conditions.