Geometric Mechanics of Real-Space Energy Transfer in Turbulence

Abstract: How the local energy transfer across scales in turbulence is encoded in the instantaneous deformation of fluid elements remains a fundamental question. We exploit the spherical geometry of the real-space energy cascade at length scale $\ell$. An exact derivation shows that it can be decomposed locally by strain self-amplification and vortex stretching, with a coefficient equal to the specific moment of inertia $2/5(\ell/2)<sup>2$ of a spherical fluid neighborhood. Direct numerical simulations show that this contribution captures the dominant local transfer and defines a statistical boundary separating forward- and inverse-cascade events. A further longitudinal and transverse decomposition reveals that the longitudinal transfer underlying Kolmogorov's $4/5$ law is governed solely by strain self-amplification, whereas vortex stretching enters through the transverse component. These results establish a purely mechanical connection between turbulent energy cascade and the local rotational and deformational dynamics of fluid elements.