Trace-distance-based complementarity relations in a multipath interferometer

Abstract: The complementarity relations in an interferometer reflect an important phenomenon in quantum mechanics: wave-particle duality. Here, we develop a method to quantify both wave and particle behaviors in a multi-path interferometer. In particular, we find that the trace distance is a good candidate for wave and particle measures. As a result, some duality relations and triality ralations are established respectively. This work not only extends the application of the trace distance to the interferometer, but also opens up new perspectives on the quantification of waveness and particleness.