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Three-Body Holonomy as a Toy-Model Mechanism for Family Triplication and Mass Hierarchy in (1+1) Dimensions

Published 21 Sep 2026 in hep-ph | (2609.24022v1)

Abstract: We investigate the phenomenological consequences of a genuine three-body holonomy in a relativistic Dirac system in one spatial dimension. After removing the center-of-mass coordinate, the triple-coincidence point punctures the two-dimensional relative configuration space and permits a nontrivial U(1)U(1) winding phase, whereas the pairwise Sakamoto--Munakata--Ino contact interactions give trivial net matching around this point. At fixed intrinsic parity, the six particle-ordering sectors reduce to a three-dimensional cyclic space. A Hermitian C3C_3-invariant effective mass operator admits a Peierls-type realization in which the gauge-invariant phase around the three links equals the three-body holonomy θ<em>3θ<em>3. Its eigenvalues are M<sup>[k]=M0+2Δcos⁡!(θ3+2πk3),</sup>k=0,1,2. M<sup>{[k]}=M_0+2Δ\cos!\left(\frac{θ_3+2πk}{3}\right),</sup> \qquad k=0,1,2. The holonomy lifts the conjugate-channel degeneracy and can generate a parametrically light branch through cancellation between the common mass and the holonomy-induced shift. We further allow cyclic-symmetry breaking and consider a general Hermitian three-state mass matrix. Exact elimination of two heavy states by the Schur complement yields a low-energy correction containing the rephasing-invariant loop product Re(t</em>12t23t31)∝cos⁡θ<em>3\mathrm{Re}(t</em>{12}t_{23}t_{31})\propto\cosθ<em>3. Thus, even when only one branch is kinematically accessible, its effective mass can retain finite memory of the complete three-state loop. The complementary invariant Im(t</em>12t23t31)∝sin⁡θ3\mathrm{Im}(t</em>{12}t_{23}t_{31})\propto\sinθ_3 is phase sensitive but does not alone imply CP violation. The construction provides a low-dimensional phenomenological proof of concept for family-like triplication, mass hierarchy, and infrared memory, rather than a microscopic theory of Standard Model fermion generations.

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