On $\ast$-Reversible and Generalized $\ast$-Reversible Rings

Abstract: Let $R$ be a $\ast$-ring with $a,b\in R$. A ring $R$ is said to be $\ast$-reversible if $ab=0$ implies $b<sup>{\ast}a=0$. In this paper, we first establish several new characterizations of $\ast$-reversible rings and reversible rings. In particular, we prove that $\ast$-reversible rings coincide with $\ast$-symmetric rings. Using these characterizations, we introduce two new classes of generalized $\ast$-reversible rings: pro-$\ast$-reversible rings and nil-$\ast$-reversible rings. A ring $R$ is called pro-$\ast$-reversible if $ab\in P(R)$ implies $b^{\ast}a\in P(R)$, and $R$ is nil-$\ast$-reversible if for every $c\in N(R)$, $cb=0$ yields both $b<sup>{\ast}c=0$ and $cb<sup>{\ast}=0$. The basic properties and characterizations of pro-$\ast$-reversible and nil-$\ast$-reversible rings are investigated. The interrelationships among all these ring classes are considered. The related examples to distinguish these rings are constructed.