Lifting for N-independent sets in II1 factors

Abstract: In a tracial von Neumann algebra M, two subsets X and Y are said to be N-independent if alternating products of length at most N of trace zero words from X and Y have trace zero. We show that two approximately 2N-independent finite tuples can be perturbed, in operator norm, to be exactly N-independent. Consequently, we are able to generalize Theorem 5.1 and Theorem H of Houdayer-Ioana and resolve Problem 31 of Kunnawalkam Elayavalli in the positive.