Critical Three-Species Competition-Diffusion: Traveling-Wave Rigidity and the Fastest-Species Selection

Abstract: We study the rigidity of traveling waves and long-time species selection in a one-dimensional critical three-species competition-diffusion system. We establish several rigidity results for traveling waves connecting distinct equilibria on the critical simplex. In the case where one species has a strictly larger Fisher-KPP spreading speed than the other two, an entropy method, combined with Gagliardo-Nirenberg and Nash inequalities yieldsuniform extinction of the slower species and convergence to the fastest-species equilibrium throughout every cone with speed below its KPP speed.