Global existence analysis for a class of compressible Navier-Stokes-Korteweg equations

Abstract: The existence of global weak solutions to a broad class of Navier-Stokes-Korteweg equations is established for large data in the three-dimensional torus, including the diffuse-interface and quantum Navier-Stokes systems as special cases. The model consists of the compressible Navier-Stokes equations with degenerate density-dependent viscosity and a general nonlinear third-order Korteweg term. The existence proof combines a priori estimates provided by the energy and Bresch-Desjardins (BD) entropy inequalities with a carefully designed approximation scheme. A crucial ingredient of the analysis is a new dissipation inequality associated with the Korteweg term, obtained via the systematic integration-by-parts method. To construct the solutions, artificial drag terms and a quantum Korteweg regularization are introduced, which are subsequently removed in the limit by establishing a renormalized formulation.