Improved Energy Stable Symmetric Gauss-Seidel Projection Method for Micromagnetics Simulations

Abstract: The Gauss-Seidel projection method (GSPM) constitutes an efficient and numerically stable numerical framework for micromagnetic simulations of ferromagnetic media. This scheme attains first-order temporal accuracy and second-order spatial accuracy. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) techniques can be incorporated to accelerate both the solution of the arising linear algebraic systems and the evaluation of stray magnetic fields. The conventional GSPM relies on a single-sided Gauss-Seidel iteration, which leverages the latest updated state variables associated with the heat-diffusion subproblem. In this work, we develop a symmetric Gauss-Seidel projection method (SGSPM) that retains first-order temporal accuracy and second-order spatial consistency. The proposed symmetric variant exhibits superior stability properties relative to the standard GSPM. Specifically, SGSPM adopts a two-pass symmetric Gauss-Seidel iteration, where updated information from the heat-diffusion stage is fully exploited to rigorously guarantee discrete energy stability. We validate the performance of the devised scheme through numerical investigations of magnetization dynamic evolution and magnetic domain-wall propagation. Numerical evidence demonstrates that the improved symmetric scheme delivers enhanced stability for capturing magnetization motion dynamics.