Anisotropic Rabi Model as a Noise Biased Qubit

Abstract: We present the quantum anisotropic Rabi model as a potential resource for a noise biased qubit. The system-environment coupling can be biased by tuning the relative strengths of the rotating-wave and counter-rotating-wave interactions, characterized by the anisotropy parameter $η$. This anisotropy selectively suppresses dominant decoherence pathways, thereby enabling the construction of a protected logical qubit in the ultrastrong and deep-strong coupling regimes. The logical states (formed by the ground and first excited states of the anisotropic Rabi model) possess coherence times that are enhanced compared to the isotropic case. Moreover, we construct a set of universal gate operations within the logical-state subspace and demonstrate that the gate operations associated with different values of $η$ exhibit robustness against external noise. These findings are expected to inspire applications and research directions for the anisotropic Rabi model with promising potential impacts.