Realizing leakage elimination operator-based adiabatic speedup on a superconducting quantum processor

Abstract: The slow evolution required for adiabaticity in adiabatic quantum computation renders the system vulnerable to environmental noise. Leakage elimination operator (LEO) control provides an effective strategy to realize adiabatic speedup over a short timescale, thus mitigating the noise impact. Despite extensive theoretical investigations, the realization of LEO-based adiabatic speedup on realistic superconducting quantum processors remains absent. In this work, we present such a realization on IBM superconducting quantum processors. We first characterize the trade-off between adiabaticity and noise accumulation by varying the total evolution time on both the Qiskit simulator and the ibm_marrakesh processor, employing a comprehensive noise model that closely reproduces the experimental results. We then implement ideal LEO pulse derived for a closed system and achieve a significant enhancement of adiabatic fidelity within a short evolution time. To further improve the adiabatic fidelity, we refine the ideal LEO pulse via Bayesian optimization based on the comprehensive noise model. The optimized pulse yields a modest fidelity gain in simulation, yet on hardware it falls short of the ideal pulse under the present experimental conditions. Our work validates the feasibility of LEO-based adiabatic speedup on a superconducting quantum processor and highlights the potential of LEO for noise-aware adiabatic dynamics.