Hecke Triangle Groups and Special Hyperbolic Elements

Abstract: We study the action of the Hecke triangle groups $G_q$ on $λ_q \mathbb{Q}(λ_q^2) \cup {\infty}$ with $λ_q = 2 \cos (π/ q)$. When $q = 18$, we show the existence of infinitely many distinct orbits of fixed points of special hyperbolic elements of $G_q$. We also find new orbits for several other values of $q$. These results provide new examples of special affine pseudo-Anosov homeomorphisms on the unfoldings of regular $q$-gons. In particular, on the unfolding of the regular $18$-gon, there are infinitely many distinct Veech group orbits of directions invariant under a special affine pseudo-Anosov.