From Replacement to Orchestration: A Socio-Technical Architecture for Agentic AI in Corporate R&D

Abstract: Purpose: Corporate R&D faces a persistent productivity paradox: rising investment and expanding scientific knowledge have not translated into proportional innovation output. In pharmaceuticals this is captured as Eroom's Law; analogous patterns appear across engineering, materials science, and healthcare. The core cause is not insufficient tools but cognitive saturation: researchers spend an increasing share of their effort on coordination, documentation, and data governance -- hidden work that displaces high-value hypothesis formation, interpretation, and strategic synthesis. Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper uses a Design Science Research (DSR) methodology. The artifact is the HARMONY operating model. Evidence is triangulated from four semi-structured expert interviews with senior R&D leaders across industrial, healthcare, and academic settings; a foresight scenario analysis projecting four plausible 2040 R&D futures; and pattern matching with documented agentic R&D deployments. Two non-negotiable design requirements guide the architecture: cognitive-load redistribution (DR1) and bounded autonomy with alignment (DR2). Findings: We propose HARMONY -- Hybrid Agentic Research Model for Organisational New Yield -- a four-pillar socio-technical architecture comprising ResOps (Industrialized Execution), the Control Tower (Strategic Visibility and Drift Detection), the Ethics Fabric (Bounded Autonomy by Design), and the Talent Studio (Sciencepreneur Capability). The model introduces the Sciencepreneur as the central human archetype in agentic R&D, and Orchestration Leverage as a candidate productivity metric suited to human-agent hybrid systems.