Canonical parameters on marginally trapped surfaces in the Minkowski 4-space

Abstract: Marginally trapped surfaces are spacelike surfaces in the Minkowski space whose mean curvature vector is lightlike at each point. In general, the marginally trapped surfaces are determined by seven functions satisfying several conditions (differential equations). In the present paper, we introduce special principal parameters, called canonical, and prove that every marginally trapped surface of general type admits (at least locally) canonical principal parameters which allow us to reduce the number functions. We prove a Fundamental existence and uniqueness theorem formulated in terms of canonical parameters, which states that every marginally trapped surface is determined up to a motion by three smooth functions satisfying a system of partial differential equations.