PC2IM: An Efficient In-Memory Computing Accelerator for 3D Point Cloud

Abstract: 3D point cloud neural networks have significantly enhanced the perceptual capabilities of resource-limited mobile intelligent systems. However, despite the transformative impact, the point cloud algorithm suffers from substantial memory access during data preprocessing and imposes a burdensome workload on feature computing, resulting in high energy consumption and latency. In this paper, an efficient SRAM-based computing-in-memory (SRAM-CIM) accelerator (PC2IM), is proposed to alleviate memory access bottlenecks in point-based 3D point cloud networks. A data preprocessing module driven by the customized CIM engines is proposed and incorporated into a memory-efficient data flow. Specifically, an approximate distance SRAM-CIM (APD-CIM) is introduced to eliminate the repetitive on-chip memory access for point clouds that are spatially partitioned by the median and reduce the volume of temporary distance data. Building on the APD-CIM, a two-level Ping-Pong-MAX Content Addressable Memory (Ping-Pong-MAX CAM) is introduced to adaptively update temporary distances and perform in-situ search for the maximum, further reducing memory access. Additionally, an efficient CIM-based feature computing engine, named split-concatenate SRAM-CIM, is presented to minimize computation latency in multi-layer perceptron with high-precision input, while maintaining high area and energy efficiency. Experiment results show that the proposed PC2IM demonstrates 1.5x speedup and 2.7x enhanced energy efficiency compared to state-of-the-art point cloud accelerator. Moreover, PC2IM achieves 3.5x speedup and 1518.9x enhanced energy efficiency compared to GPU implementations.