Resilience by Design: A KPI for Heavy-Duty Megawatt Charging

Abstract: We introduce a stressor-agnostic Resilience Key Performance Indicator (Resilience KPI) for megawatt charging stations (MSC) serving heavy-duty vehicles. Beyond routine performance statistics (e.g., availability, throughput), the KPI quantifies a site's ability to anticipate, operate under degradation, and recover from disruptions using observable signals already in the framework: ride-through capability, restoration speed, service under N-1, expected unserved charging energy, and queue impacts. The headline score is normalised to 0-100 for fair cross-site and cross-vendor benchmarking, with optional stressor-specific breakouts (grid, ICT, thermal, flooding, on-site incidents) for diagnostics and robustness checks. DATEX II provides a solid baseline for resilience KPIs centred on infrastructure inventory, status, and pricing, while additional KPIs, especially around grid capacity, on-site flexibility, heavy-vehicle geometry, environmental hardening, maintenance, and market exposure, are essential for a complete resilience picture and will require extensions or complementary data sources. The KPI is designed for monthly/quarterly reporting to support design and operational decisions and cost-benefit assessment of mitigations (e.g., backup power, spares, procedures). It offers a consistent, transparent methodology that consolidates heterogeneous logs and KPIs into a single, auditable indicator, making resilience comparable across sites, vendors, and jurisdictions.