W*-Amenability for Fell bundles over discrete groups

Abstract: We investigate amenability for $W^*$-Fell bundles over a discrete group $G$, with a focus on its characterization via approximation properties and conditional expectations. Building on the notion of $W^*$-amenability, we construct an enlarged $W^*$-Fell bundle analogous to $\ell^\infty(G, M)$ for a group action $G$ on a von Neumann algebra $M$, and relate amenability to the existence of suitable conditional expectations at both the bundle and crossed-product levels. Our results unify and extend several approaches to amenability for noncommutative dynamical systems. As applications of our methods, we prove that amenability of Fell bundles passes to restrictions to subgroups and that a Fell bundle over a group $G$ is amenable if and only if both its restriction to a normal subgroup $H \trianglelefteq G$ and the associated quotient Fell bundle over $G/H$ are amenable. This provides a powerful structural tool that extends classical permanence results for group amenability to the setting of \Wstar Fell bundles and also \cstar algebraic Fell bundles. We also discuss how Fell bundles and their amenability interact with group coactions on $C^*$-algebras and von Neumann algebras.