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Unified Kraft Break at ~6500 K: A Newly Identified Single-Star Obliquity Transition Matches the Classical Rotation Break

Published 19 Nov 2025 in astro-ph.EP | (2511.15610v1)

Abstract: The stellar obliquity transition, defined by a T<em>eff\textit{T}<em>{\rm eff} cut separating aligned from misaligned hot Jupiter systems, has long been assumed to coincide with the rotational Kraft break. Yet the commonly quoted obliquity transition (6100 or 6250 K) sits a few hundred kelvin cooler than the rotational break (~6500 K), posing a fundamental inconsistency. We show this offset arises primarily from binaries/multiple-star systems, which drive the cooler stellar obliquity transition (6105<sup>+123</sup></em>−1336105<sup>{+123}</sup></em>{-133} K), although the underlying cause remains ambiguous. After removing binaries and higher-order multiples, the single-star stellar obliquity transition shifts upward to 6447<sup>+85−1196447<sup>{+85}_{-119} K, in excellent agreement with the single-star rotation break (6510<sup>+97−1276510<sup>{+97}_{-127} K). This revision has two immediate consequences for understanding the origin and evolution of spin-orbit misalignment. First, the upward shift reclassifies some hosts previously labeled `hot' into the cooler regime; consequently, there are very few RM measurements of non-hot-Jupiter planets around genuinely hot stars (Teff≳6500 KT_{\rm eff}\gtrsim6500\,\mathrm{K}), and previously reported alignment trends for these classes of systems (e.g., warm Jupiters and compact multi-planet systems) lose the power to discriminate the central question: are large misalignments unique to hot-Jupiter-like planets that can be delivered by high-ee migration, or are hot stars intrinsically more misaligned across architectures? Second, a single-star stellar obliquity transition near 6500 K6500\,\mathrm{K}, coincident with the rotational break, favors tidal dissipation in outer convective envelopes; as these envelopes thin with increasing TeffT_{\rm eff}, inertial-wave damping and magnetic braking weaken in tandem.

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