Formulation of fully covariant Quantum-Molecular Dynamics for an N-body system with scalar and vector potentials

Abstract: We present a fully covariant transport framework for Molecular Dynamics that enables a consistent description of the evolution of relativistic N-body systems. For the first time, we derive relativistic equations of motion incorporating both scalar and vector interactions within a manifestly covariant formulation. This approach addresses several fundamental issues in relativistic many-body dynamics: the implications of different choices of time-constraints, the emergence of the non-relativistic limit, the frame independence of the system's evolution, and the distinct dynamical roles of scalar and vector potentials. These aspects are investigated in detail for the scattering of two- and four-body systems, offering new insights into the consistency and physical interpretation of relativistic interactions in a covariant setting.