Symmetry-based nonlinear fluctuating hydrodynamics in one dimension

Abstract: We present a symmetry-based formulation of nonlinear fluctuating hydrodynamics (NFH) for one-dimensional many-particle systems with generic homogeneous nearest-neighbor interactions. We derive the hydrodynamic equations solely from symmetry and conservation principles, ensuring full consistency with thermalization. Using the dynamic renormalization group, we show that both the sound and heat modes share the dynamical exponent $z=3/2$. Extensive numerical simulations of the derived NFH equations confirm this exponent and further reveal that both modes are close to the universal KPZ scaling function, namely the Prähofer-Spohn function. These findings establish a unified, symmetry-based framework for understanding universal transport and fluctuation phenomena in one-dimensional nonequilibrium systems, independent of microscopic details.