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Thermal Cesium Release in PMTs Revealed by Resonant Laser Spectroscopy and Its Correlation with Quantum Efficiency

Published 16 Sep 2025 in physics.optics, astro-ph.IM, and hep-ex | (2509.13168v1)

Abstract: We report optical evidence of cesium (Cs) evaporation from a bialkali (SbKCs) photo- cathode during controlled heating of a photomultiplier tube (PMT). A DFB laser scanned across the 852.113 nm Cs D2 line reveals absorption features only above 60 degrees Celsius, indicating thermal desorption. The absorption correlates with temperature and offers a non-invasive method to monitor photocathode degradation in sealed detectors.

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