The complementarity relations in a multi-path interferometer with quantum memory

Abstract: The complementarity relations impose the constraints on different aspects of quantum states. We study the complementarity relation within a multi-path interferometer that includes detectors and quantum memory. Here we consider the mixed states as the input states. We establish a duality relation between the visibility and the path distinguishability. Based on this duality, two triality relations, one is related with visibility, path distinguishability, and mixedness, the other is related with visibility, path distinguishability, and entanglement, were derived respectively. Therefore, the role of entanglement in multi-path interferometer is characterized quantitatively. These complementarity relations are all complete for the two-path interferometer.