Robust Pan-Cancer Mitotic Figure Detection with YOLOv12

Abstract: Mitotic figures represent a key histoprognostic feature in tumor pathology, providing crucial insights into tumor aggressiveness and proliferation. However, their identification remains challenging, subject to significant inter-observer variability, even among experienced pathologists. To address this issue, the MItosis DOmain Generalization (MIDOG) 2025 challenge marks the third edition of an international competition aiming to develop robust mitosis detection algorithms. In this paper, we present a mitotic figures detection approach based on the YOLOv12 object detection architecture, achieving a $F_1$-score of 0.801 on the preliminary test set of the MIDOG 2025 challenge, without relying on external data.