FRB 20200428 and potentially associated hard X-ray bursts: Maser emission and synchrotron radiation of electrons in a weakly magnetized plasma?

Abstract: The temporal and spatial coincidence between FRB 20200428 and hard peaks of the X-ray burst from SGR 1935+2154 suggests their potential association. We attributed them to the plasma synchrotron maser emission and synchrotron radiation of electrons in weakly magnetized, relativistically moving plasma blobs, and Monte Carlo simulation analysis shows that our model can predict observable fast radio burst outbursts and associated hard X-ray bursts with current telescopes. We constrained the properties of the blobs, including the Lorentz factor $\Gamma=5-30$, the magnetization factor $\sigma=6\times10^{-5}\sim 2\times 10^{-4}$, the electron Lorentz factor $\gamma_{\rm e,s}=(1.8-3.3)\times10^4$, and the plasma frequency $\nu_P=2.48 -42.61$ MHz. The inferred size of the blobs is $\sim 10^{9-10}$ cm, and it is located $\sim 10^{12-14}$ cm from the central engine. By adopting fine-tuned parameter sets, the observed spectra of both the FRB 20200428 outbursts and X-ray bursts can be well represented. The peak flux density ($F_{\rm\nu_{ pk}}$) of plasma maser emission is sensitive to $\sigma$ and $\nu_P$. Variation in $F_{\rm \nu_{pk}}$ can be more than 10 orders of magnitude, while the flux density of the synchrotron emission only varies by $1-2$ orders of magnitude. This can account for the observed sub-energetic radio bursts or giant radio pulses from SGR 1935+2154.