$\mathbf{O}(D,D)$-Symmetric Box Operator and $α^{\prime}$-Corrections with Riemann Curvature

Abstract: Within the framework of Double Field Theory, we construct an $\mathbf{O}(D,D)$-symmetric d'Alembertian, or box operator, that is applicable to tensors of arbitrary rank. Parameterized by the Riemannian metric and the $B$-field, the operator naturally incorporates the Riemann curvature tensor and the $H$-flux. When applied to the massless string sector, it produces a consistent stringy wave equation under an $\mathbf{O}(D,D)$-symmetric harmonic gauge condition. Furthermore, the one-loop integral of the massive string modes, whose kinetic terms are governed by the box operator, yields Riemann curvature $\alpha^{\prime}$-corrections. Yet, the momentum integral generically breaks the $\mathbf{O}(D,D)$ symmetry.