Metamorphic quantum dot arrays in twisted trilayer hexagonal boron nitride

Abstract: A large set of controlled quantum states with tunable spacing and interactions is crucial in understanding and engineering novel quantum materials for quantum information processing. Such achievements have been mostly confined to atomic physics, exemplified by ordered arrays of neutral atoms or trapped ions. In solid-state systems, well-ordered quantum dots (QDs), in particular, also have significant potential for these applications. However, their precise large-scale fabrication and on-demand reconfigurations remain important challenges. Here, we predict that twisted trilayer hexagonal boron nitride hosts well-defined QD arrays with spatial precision and symmetry control as well as exceptional dynamic repositioning. These arrays emerge naturally at ultrasmall twist angles, forming diverse domain configurations including triangular, kagome and hexagram arrangements. The quantum states within each dot exhibit high fidelity to quantum harmonic oscillator wavefunctions, realizing uniform dot states as long as the moire-of-moire lattice is well ordered. Uniquely, we demonstrate that these arrays can be dynamically reconfigured via external electric fields coupled to local electric polarizations, allowing continuous tuning between regimes of strong coupling and complete isolation, and offering a pathway to long-ranged quantum information shuttling. This tunability and uniformity distinguish our platform from conventional implementations and suggest substantial potential for quantum applications, from array-based single-photon sources to scalable quantum processors, establishing twisted van der Waals systems as a promising platform for programmable quantum architectures with spatial and energetic control.