Anomaly Equation of the Large U(1) Chiral Symmetry (2503.07525v1)

Abstract: In this study, we first heuristically constitute the charges for the chiral transformation associated with the large U(1) gauge symmetry. We name those as the large chiral charges, and the chiral transformation those generate as the large chiral transformations. Then, showing that those can be obtained based on Noether's theorem, we once obtain the anomaly equation associated with those large chiral transformations. Then, for the one-loop diagrams of the fermionic field coupling to the multiple classical gauge fields (those constitute the effective action of the model in this study with regard to the gauge field), we perform an axailization. Then, defining the BRS transformations for the large U(1) gauge symmetry (we name those as the large BRS transformation), we perform those large BRS transformations to those axialized one-loop diagrams. Then, evaluating those, we show that the anomaly equations mentioned above can be derived. It is also shown that those anomaly equations can be derived in Fujikawa method. The result in this study would be important as a development of the large U(1) gauge symmetry.