A method for statistical research on binary stars using radial velocities (2502.18577v1)

Abstract: Using radial velocity to estimate binary fraction and predict orbital parameter distribution laws is an important method in the studies of binary stars. However, the high dimensionality of the orbital parameters of the binary system pose challenges to this work, particularly in terms of sample size and the accuracy of the calculated results. We have proposed and implemented an algorithm called DVCD (Differential Velocity Cumulative Distribution) for the statistical analysis of binary properties. % On the basis of higher accuracy than previous methods, the running efficiency of the method is greatly improved. This method not only achieves higher accuracy than previous approaches but also significantly improves computational efficiency. The computing time for the same sample and the hardware environment was reduced to $10^{-4}$ to $10^{-5}$ of that of some previous methods. Red giant samples from APOGEE DR16 were analyzed using the DVCD method. Both the hyperparameter of the orbital period $\pi$ and the intrinsic binary fraction ($f_{bin}$) can be constrained. We divided the sample into 16 subsets based on log$g$ and $M/H$. Calculation results showed that the binary fraction decreases with the decrease of surface gravity and decreases with the increase of metallicity. This trend provides important constraints on the evolution of binary stars.