Fault-Tolerant Implementation of the Deutsch-Jozsa Algorithm

Abstract: The Deutsch-Josza algorithm, one of the first and simplest quantum algorithms, is a natural candidate for small fault-tolerance experiments. We show that one can implement the Deutsch-Josza algorithm in a fault-tolerant manner using the smallest quantum error-detecting code -- the $[[4,2,2]]$ code -- without any ancillae. We implemented the algorithm on a trapped-ion quantum computer with and without fault-tolerant encoding and compared the results. With approximately $99 \%$ confidence, we found that the fault-tolerant implementation provides a noise reduction for all oracles. Averaged across all oracles, the reduction in error rate was nearly $90 \%$.