Intrinsic Second Order Spin Current

Abstract: In recent years, nonlinear Hall effect has attracted great attention with three different terms contributed by Drude effect, Berry curvature dipole and Berry connection polarizability. In this work, we theoretically predict an intrinsic second order spin current induced by spin-dependent Berry curvature polarizability based on time-independent perturbation theory. We show other two second order spin conductivities contributed by the group velocity and spin-dependent Berry curvature dipole.A two-dimensional Rashba-Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupled system is studied as an example, and it is found that the intrinsic second order contribution plays a major role in the region of $\mu>0$, while current mainly comes from the extrinsic terms when $\mu<0$. Thus, the dependence of spin conductivity on chemical potential is expected to distinguish the extrinsic and intrinsic contributions experimentally.