Atom interferometry in an Einstein Elevator

Abstract: Recent advances in atom interferometry have led to the development of quantum inertial sensors with outstanding performance in terms of sensitivity, accuracy, and long-term stability. For ground-based implementations, these sensors are ultimately limited by the free-fall height of atomic fountains required to interrogate the atoms over extended timescales. This limitation can be overcome in Space and in unique microgravity'' facilities such as drop towers or free-falling aircraft. These facilities require large investments, long development times, and place stringent constraints on instruments that further limit their widespread use. The availableup time'' for experiments is also quite low, making extended studies challenging. In this work, we present a new approach in which atom interferometry is performed in a laboratory-scale Einstein Elevator. Our experiment is mounted to a moving platform that mimics the vertical free-fall trajectory every 13.5 seconds. With a total interrogation time of $2T = 200$ ms, we demonstrate an acceleration sensitivity of $6 \times 10^{-7}$ m/s$^{2}$ per shot, limited primarily by the temperature of our atomic samples. We further demonstrate the capability to perform long-term statistical studies by operating the Einstein Elevator over several days with high reproducibility. These represent state-of-the-art results achieved in microgravity and further demonstrates the potential of quantum inertial sensors in Space. Our microgravity platform is both an alternative to large atomic fountains and a versatile facility to prepare future Space missions.