Darboux transformation of diffusion processes

Abstract: Darboux transformation of a second order linear differential operator is a well-known technique with many applications in mathematics and physics. We study Darboux transformation from the point of view of Markov semigroups of diffusion processes. We construct a Darboux transform of a diffusion process through a combination of Doob's $h$-transform and a version of Siegmund duality. Our main result is a simple formula that connects transition probability densities of the two processes. We provide several examples of Darboux transformed diffusion processes related to Brownian motion and Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. For these examples we compute explicitly the transition probability density and derive its spectral representation.