Magnetophononics and the Chiral Phonon Misnomer

Abstract: The direct, ultrafast excitation of polar phonons with electromagnetic radiation is a potent strategy for controlling the properties of a wide range of materials, particularly in the context of influencing their magnetic behavior. Here, we show that, contrary to common perception, the origin of phonon-induced magnetic activity does not stem from the motion of ions themselves; instead, it arises from the effect their motion exerts on the electron subsystem. Through the mechanism of electron-phonon coupling, a coherent state of circularly polarized phonons generates substantial non-Maxwellian fields that disrupt time reversal symmetry, effectively emulating the behavior of authentic magnetic fields. Notably, the effective field can reach magnitudes as high as 100 T, surpassing by several orders of magnitude the Maxwellian field resulting from the circular motion of the ions. Because the light-induced non-reciprocal fields depend on the square of the phonon displacements, the chirality the photons transferred to the ions plays no role in magnetophononics.