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Milgram's experiment in the knowledge space: Individual navigation strategies
Published 9 Apr 2024 in physics.soc-ph and cs.IR | (2404.06591v2)
Abstract: Data deluge characteristic for our times has led to information overload, posing a significant challenge to effectively finding our way through the digital landscape. Addressing this issue requires an in-depth understanding of how we navigate through the abundance of information. Previous research has discovered multiple patterns in how individuals navigate in the geographic, social, and information spaces, yet individual differences in strategies for navigation in the knowledge space has remained largely unexplored. To bridge the gap, we conducted an online experiment where participants played a navigation game on Wikipedia and completed questionnaires about their personal information. Utilizing the hierarchical structure of the English Wikipedia and a graph embedding trained on it, we identified two navigation strategies and found that there are significant individual differences in the choices of them. Older, white and female participants tend to adopt a proximity-driven strategy, while younger participants prefer a hub-driven strategy. Our study connects social navigation to knowledge navigation: individuals' differing tendencies to use geographical and occupational information about the target person to navigate in the social space can be understood as different choices between the hub-driven and proximity-driven strategies in the knowledge space.
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[2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Tavares, R.M., Mendelsohn, A., Grossman, Y., Williams, C.H., Shapiro, M., Trope, Y., Schiller, D.: A map for social navigation in the human brain. Neuron 87(1), 231–243 (2015) Schafer and Schiller [2018] Schafer, M., Schiller, D.: Navigating social space. Neuron 100(2), 476–489 (2018) Pirolli and Card [1999] Pirolli, P., Card, S.: Information foraging. Psychological review 106(4), 643 (1999) Bush et al. [1945] Bush, V., et al.: As we may think. The atlantic monthly 176(1), 101–108 (1945) Karinthy [1929] Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Schafer, M., Schiller, D.: Navigating social space. Neuron 100(2), 476–489 (2018) Pirolli and Card [1999] Pirolli, P., Card, S.: Information foraging. Psychological review 106(4), 643 (1999) Bush et al. [1945] Bush, V., et al.: As we may think. The atlantic monthly 176(1), 101–108 (1945) Karinthy [1929] Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Pirolli, P., Card, S.: Information foraging. Psychological review 106(4), 643 (1999) Bush et al. [1945] Bush, V., et al.: As we may think. The atlantic monthly 176(1), 101–108 (1945) Karinthy [1929] Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Bush, V., et al.: As we may think. The atlantic monthly 176(1), 101–108 (1945) Karinthy [1929] Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Tavares, R.M., Mendelsohn, A., Grossman, Y., Williams, C.H., Shapiro, M., Trope, Y., Schiller, D.: A map for social navigation in the human brain. Neuron 87(1), 231–243 (2015) Schafer and Schiller [2018] Schafer, M., Schiller, D.: Navigating social space. Neuron 100(2), 476–489 (2018) Pirolli and Card [1999] Pirolli, P., Card, S.: Information foraging. Psychological review 106(4), 643 (1999) Bush et al. [1945] Bush, V., et al.: As we may think. The atlantic monthly 176(1), 101–108 (1945) Karinthy [1929] Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Schafer, M., Schiller, D.: Navigating social space. Neuron 100(2), 476–489 (2018) Pirolli and Card [1999] Pirolli, P., Card, S.: Information foraging. Psychological review 106(4), 643 (1999) Bush et al. [1945] Bush, V., et al.: As we may think. The atlantic monthly 176(1), 101–108 (1945) Karinthy [1929] Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Pirolli, P., Card, S.: Information foraging. Psychological review 106(4), 643 (1999) Bush et al. [1945] Bush, V., et al.: As we may think. The atlantic monthly 176(1), 101–108 (1945) Karinthy [1929] Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Bush, V., et al.: As we may think. The atlantic monthly 176(1), 101–108 (1945) Karinthy [1929] Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Schafer, M., Schiller, D.: Navigating social space. Neuron 100(2), 476–489 (2018) Pirolli and Card [1999] Pirolli, P., Card, S.: Information foraging. Psychological review 106(4), 643 (1999) Bush et al. [1945] Bush, V., et al.: As we may think. The atlantic monthly 176(1), 101–108 (1945) Karinthy [1929] Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. 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[2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Pirolli, P., Card, S.: Information foraging. Psychological review 106(4), 643 (1999) Bush et al. [1945] Bush, V., et al.: As we may think. The atlantic monthly 176(1), 101–108 (1945) Karinthy [1929] Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Bush, V., et al.: As we may think. The atlantic monthly 176(1), 101–108 (1945) Karinthy [1929] Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Pirolli, P., Card, S.: Information foraging. Psychological review 106(4), 643 (1999) Bush et al. [1945] Bush, V., et al.: As we may think. The atlantic monthly 176(1), 101–108 (1945) Karinthy [1929] Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. 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In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Bush, V., et al.: As we may think. The atlantic monthly 176(1), 101–108 (1945) Karinthy [1929] Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Bush, V., et al.: As we may think. The atlantic monthly 176(1), 101–108 (1945) Karinthy [1929] Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Karinthy, F.: Chain-links in: Everything is Different. Atheneneum (1929). http://vadeker.net/articles/Karinthy-Chain-Links_1929.pdf Milgram [1967] Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Milgram, S.: The small world problem. Psychology today 2(1), 60–67 (1967) Dodds et al. [2003] Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Dodds, P.S., Muhamad, R., Watts, D.J.: An experimental study of search in global social networks. science 301(5634), 827–829 (2003) Watts et al. [2002] Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Watts, D.J., Dodds, P.S., Newman, M.E.: Identity and search in social networks. science 296(5571), 1302–1305 (2002) Kleinberg [2001] Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Kleinberg, J.: Small-world phenomena and the dynamics of information. Advances in neural information processing systems 14 (2001) Adamic and Adar [2005] Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Adamic, L., Adar, E.: How to search a social network. Social networks 27(3), 187–203 (2005) Killworth and Bernard [1978] Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
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Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Killworth, P.D., Bernard, H.R.: The reversal small-world experiment. Social networks 1(2), 159–192 (1978) [14] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2024). https://en.wikipedia.org/ Accessed 2024 [15] Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Wikispeedia (2024). https://dlab.epfl.ch/wikispeedia/play/ Accessed 2024 [16] The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- The Wiki Game - Wikipedia Game - Explore Wikipedia! (2024). https://www.thewikigame.com/ Accessed 2024 West and Leskovec [2012] West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- West, R., Leskovec, J.: Human wayfinding in information networks. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 619–628 (2012) Singer et al. [2014] Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Singer, P., Helic, D., Taraghi, B., Strohmaier, M.: Detecting memory and structure in human navigation patterns using markov chain models of varying order. PloS one 9(7), 102070 (2014) Helic et al. [2013] Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Helic, D., Strohmaier, M., Granitzer, M., Scherer, R.: Models of human navigation in information networks based on decentralized search. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, pp. 89–98 (2013) Newcombe [2018] Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Newcombe, N.S.: Individual variation in human navigation. Current Biology 28(17), 1004–1008 (2018) Weisberg et al. [2014] Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40(3), 669 (2014) Nazareth et al. [2019] Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Nazareth, A., Huang, X., Voyer, D., Newcombe, N.: A meta-analysis of sex differences in human navigation skills. Psychonomic bulletin & review 26(5), 1503–1528 (2019) Coutrot et al. [2022] Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Coutrot, A., Manley, E., Goodroe, S., Gahnstrom, C., Filomena, G., Yesiltepe, D., Dalton, R., Wiener, J., Hölscher, C., Hornberger, M., et al.: Entropy of city street networks linked to future spatial navigation ability. Nature, 1–7 (2022) Spiers et al. [2021] Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Spiers, H.J., Coutrot, A., Hornberger, M.: Explaining world-wide variation in navigation ability from millions of people: Citizen science project sea hero quest. Topics in Cognitive Science (2021) Zhu et al. [2023] Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Zhu, M., Yasseri, T., Kertész, J.: Individual differences in knowledge network navigation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10036 (2023) Perozzi et al. [2014] Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: Deepwalk: Online learning of social representations. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 701–710 (2014) Muchnik et al. [2007] Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Muchnik, L., Itzhack, R., Solomon, S., Louzoun, Y.: Self-emergence of knowledge trees: Extraction of the wikipedia hierarchies. Physical review E 76(1), 016106 (2007) Jolliffe [2002] Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal component analysis for special types of data (2002) MacQueen et al. [1967] MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- MacQueen, J., et al.: Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, vol. 1, pp. 281–297 (1967). Oakland, CA, USA [30] Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Prolific — Quickly find research participants you can trust (2024). https://www.prolific.com/ Accessed 2024 Douglas et al. [2023] Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Douglas, B.D., Ewell, P.J., Brauer, M.: Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between mturk, prolific, cloudresearch, qualtrics, and sona. Plos one 18(3), 0279720 (2023) [32] Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Qualtrics XM - Experience Management Software (2024). https://www.qualtrics.com/uk/ Accessed 2024 [33] Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Wikimedia Downloads (2024). https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ Accessed 2024 Goldberg [1992] Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychological assessment 4(1), 26 (1992) Witten and Milne [2008] Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Witten, I.H., Milne, D.N.: An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links (2008) Finkelstein et al. [2001] Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Finkelstein, L., Gabrilovich, E., Matias, Y., Rivlin, E., Solan, Z., Wolfman, G., Ruppin, E.: Placing search in context: The concept revisited. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 406–414 (2001) Singer et al. [2013] Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013) Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
- Singer, P., Niebler, T., Strohmaier, M., Hotho, A.: Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths: A case study on wikipedia. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 9(4), 41–70 (2013)
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