Analytic pseudo-rotations II: a principle for spheres, disks and annuli

Abstract: We construct analytic surface symplectomorphisms with unstable elliptic fixed points; this solves a problem of Birkhoff (1927). More precisely, we construct analytic symplectomorphisms of the sphere and of the disk which are transitive, with respectively only 2 and 1 periodic points. This also solves problems of proposed by Herman (1998), Fayad-Katok (2004) and Fayad-Krikorian (2018). To establish these results, we introduce a principle that enables to realize, by an analytic symplectomorphism, properties which are $C^0$-realizable by the approximation by conjugacy method of Anosov-Katok.