Hard Rock Drilling for Super-hot Enhanced Geothermal System Development: Literature Review and Techno-Economic Analysis

Abstract: The increasing global demand for electricity and the imperative of achieving sustainable and net-zero energy solutions have underscored the importance of exploring alternative sources. Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) have emerged as a promising avenue for renewable and sustainable energy production. However, the development of EGS faces a significant challenge in drilling through hard rock formations at high temperatures, necessitating specialized drilling equipment and techniques. This study aims to investigate the current state-of-the-art technology for drilling in hard rock formations under elevated temperatures, specifically in the context of super-hot EGS development. It involves a comprehensive review of previous projects and a meticulous analysis of existing drilling technologies and techniques. Furthermore, a techno-economic evaluation will be conducted to assess the feasibility of super-hot EGS development in hard igneous formations, considering key factors such as drilling performance, operational challenges, and material costs. The outcomes of this study will enhance the understanding of the technical challenges associated with super-hot EGS development and facilitate the design of efficient and cost-effective drilling technologies for the geothermal energy industry. By improving the drilling process in EGS development, the full potential of geothermal energy can be harnessed as a viable and sustainable energy source to meet the growing global demand for electricity.