Modelling of power exhaust in TCV positive and negative triangularity L-mode plasmas

Abstract: L-mode negative triangularity (NT) operation is a promising alternative to the positive triangularity (PT) H-mode as a high-confinement ELM-free operational regime. In this work, two TCV L-mode lower single null Ohmic discharges with opposite triangularity $\delta \simeq \pm 0.3$ are investigated using SOLPS-ITER modelling. The main focus is the exploration of the reasons behind the experimentally observed feature of NT plasmas being more difficult to detach than similar PT experiments. SOLPS-ITER simulations are performed assuming the same anomalous diffusivity for particles $D_n<sup>{AN}$ and energy $\kappa_{e/i}<sup>{AN}$ in PT and NT. Nonetheless, the results clearly show dissimilar transport and accumulation of neutral particles in the scrape-off layer (SOL) of the two configurations, which consequently gives rise to different ionization sources for the plasma and produces different poloidal and cross-field fluxes. Simulations also recover the experimental feature of the outer target being hotter in the NT scenario (with $T_{e, NT} \gtrsim 5 \, \mathrm{eV}$) than in the PT counterpart.