Study on the Time Domain Precision Evolution Mechanism of CNC Machine Tool Feed Systems Based on Acceleration and Deceleration Capability Indicator

Abstract: The escalating demand for high-speed and high-precision machining in machine tool feed system has brought to the forefront the challenge of its design method. Currently, existing methodologies struggle to ascertain compliance with dynamic performance requirements during the design phase, often resulting in either excessive or insufficient design. Therefore, there is an urgent need for research focused on feed system design methods that directly address time domain dynamic precision. The dynamic precision of the feed system is influenced by the motor, mechanical structure, motion processes, and control system. However, existing studies on the impact mechanisms of electromechanical matching on feed system precision often overlook the roles of control and motion processes. This paper innovatively proposes the need to consider the coupling effects among subsystems, directing the optimization design of CNC machine tool feed systems towards time domain dynamic precision. Furthermore, it introduces acceleration and deceleration capability as a key indicator of electromechanical matching. Following the decoupling of control system parameters, this study elucidates the influence mechanisms of electromechanical matching on the overall dynamic performance of the feed system under various motion processes. This research offers a novel design philosophy and theoretical foundation for the optimization of CNC machine tool feed systems.