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The prime-counting Copeland-Erdős constant

Published 24 Sep 2023 in math.NT | (2309.13520v1)

Abstract: Let (a(n):nN)(a(n) : n \in \mathbb{N}) denote a sequence of nonnegative integers. Let $0.a(1)a(2)...$ denote the real number obtained by concatenating the digit expansions, in a fixed base, of consecutive entries of (a(n):nN)(a(n) : n \in \mathbb{N}). Research on digit expansions of this form has mainly to do with the normality of $0.a(1)a(2)...$ for a given base. Famously, the Copeland-Erd\H{o}s constant $0.2357111317...$, for the case whereby a(n)a(n) equals the n<sup>thn<sup>{\text{th}} prime number pnp_{n}, is normal in base 10. However, it seems that the ``inverse'' construction given by concatenating the decimal digits of (π(n):nN)(\pi(n) : n \in \mathbb{N}), where π\pi denotes the prime-counting function, has not previously been considered. Exploring the distribution of sequences of digits in this new constant $0.0122...9101011...$ would be comparatively difficult, since the number of times a fixed mNm \in \mathbb{N} appears in (π(n):nN)(\pi(n) : n \in \mathbb{N}) is equal to the prime gap gm=pm+1pmg_{m} = p_{m+1} - p_{m}, with the behaviour of prime gaps notoriously elusive. Using a combinatorial method due to Sz\"usz and Volkmann, we prove that Cram\'er's conjecture on prime gaps implies the normality of $0.a(1)a(2)...$ in a given base g2g \geq 2, for a(n)=π(n)a(n) = \pi(n).

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