Papers
Topics
Authors
Recent
Search
2000 character limit reached

Optimized Design of Joint Mirror Array and Liquid Crystal-Based RIS-Aided VLC systems

Published 19 Jul 2023 in cs.IT, eess.SP, and math.IT | (2307.10164v1)

Abstract: Most studies of reflecting intelligent surfaces (RISs)-assisted visible light communication (VLC) systems have focused on the integration of RISs in the channel to combat the line-of-sight (LoS) blockage and to enhance the corresponding achievable data rate. Some recent efforts have investigated the integration of liquid crystal (LC)-RIS in the VLC receiver to also improve the corresponding achievable data rate. To jointly benefit from the previously mentioned appealing capabilities of the RIS technology in both the channel and the receiver, in this work, we propose a novel indoor VLC system that is jointly assisted by a mirror array-based RIS in the channel and an LC-based RIS aided-VLC receiver. To illustrate the performance of the proposed system, a rate maximization problem is formulated, solved, and evaluated. This maximization problem jointly optimizes the roll and yaw angles of the mirror array-based RIS as well as the refractive index of the LC-based RIS VLC receiver. Moreover, this maximization problem considers practical assumptions, such as the presence of non-users blockers in the LoS path between the transmitter-receiver pair and the user's random device orientation (i.e., the user's self-blockage). Due to the non-convexity of the formulated optimization problem, a low-complexity algorithm is utilized to get the global optimal solution. A multi-user scenario of the proposed scheme is also presented. Furthermore, the energy efficiency of the proposed system is also investigated. Simulation results are provided, confirming that the proposed system yields a noteworthy improvement in data rate and energy efficiency performances compared to several baseline schemes.

Definition Search Book Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com
References (41)
  1. S. Al-Ahmadi, O. Maraqa, M. Uysal, and S. M. Sait, “Multi-user visible light communications: State-of-the-art and future directions,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 70 555–70 571, 2018.
  2. S. Aboagye, T. M. N. Ngatched, O. A. Dobre, and A. R. Ndjiongue, “Intelligent reflecting surface-aided indoor visible light communication systems,” IEEE Commun. Lett., vol. 25, no. 12, pp. 3913–3917, Dec. 2021.
  3. T. Tang, T. Shang, and Q. Li, “Impact of multiple shadows on visible light communication channel,” IEEE Commun. Lett., vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 513–517, Feb. 2021.
  4. S. Aboagye, A. Ibrahim, T. M. N. Ngatched, A. R. Ndjiongue, and O. A. Dobre, “Design of energy efficient hybrid VLC/RF/PLC communication system for indoor networks,” IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett., vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 143–147, Feb. 2020.
  5. S. Aboagye, T. M. N. Ngatched, O. A. Dobre, and A. Ibrahim, “Joint access point assignment and power allocation in multi-tier hybrid RF/VLC HetNets,” IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun., vol. 20, no. 10, pp. 6329–6342, Oct. 2021.
  6. Y. S. Eroglu, Y. Yapici, and I. Guvenc, “Impact of random receiver orientation on visible light communications channel,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 1313–1325, Feb. 2019.
  7. A. R. Ndjiongue, T. M. Ngatched, O. A. Dobre, and H. Haas, “Re-configurable intelligent surface-based VLC receivers using tunable liquid-crystals: The concept,” J. Light. Technol., vol. 39, no. 10, pp. 3193–3200, May 2021.
  8. S. Aboagye, A. R. Ndjiongue, T. M. N. Ngatched, and O. A. Dobre, “Design and optimization of liquid crystal RIS-based visible light communication receivers,” IEEE Photonics J., vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 1–7, 2022.
  9. S. Sun, W. Mei, F. Yang, N. An, J. Song, and R. Zhang, “Optical intelligent reflecting surface assisted MIMO VLC: Channel modeling and capacity characterization,” arXiv preprint arXiv:2302.03893, Feb. 2023.
  10. B. Cao, M. Chen, Z. Yang, M. Zhang, J. Zhao, and M. Chen, “Reflecting the light: Energy efficient visible light communication with reconfigurable intelligent surface,” in IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf. (VTC2020-Fall), Nov. 2020, pp. 1–5.
  11. A. Salehiyan and M. J. Emadi, “Performance analysis of uplink optical wireless communications in the presence of a simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface,” IET Optoelectron., May 2023.
  12. C. Liu, L. Yu, X. Yu, J. Qian, Y. Wang, and Z. Wang, “Capacity analysis of RIS-assisted visible light communication systems with hybrid NOMA,” in IEEE Glob. Commun. (2022GC Wkshps), Dec. 2022, pp. 118–123.
  13. H. Abumarshoud, B. Selim, M. Tatipamula, and H. Haas, “Intelligent reflecting surfaces for enhanced NOMA-based visible light communications,” in IEEE Int. Conf. Commun. (ICC 2022), May 2022, pp. 571–576.
  14. Z. Liu, F. Yang, S. Sun, J. Song, and Z. Han, “Sum rate maximization for NOMA-based VLC with optical intelligent reflecting surface,” IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett., pp. 1–1, Feb. 2023.
  15. S. Sun, F. Yang, and J. Song, “Sum rate maximization for intelligent reflecting surface-aided visible light communications,” IEEE Commun. Lett., vol. 25, no. 11, pp. 3619–3623, Nov. 2021.
  16. L. Qian, X. Chi, L. Zhao, and A. Chaaban, “Secure visible light communications via intelligent reflecting surfaces,” in IEEE Int. Conf. Commun. (ICC 2021), Jun. 2021, pp. 1–6.
  17. H. Abumarshoud, C. Chen, I. Tavakkolnia, H. Haas, and M. A. Imran, “Intelligent reflecting surfaces for enhanced physical layer security in NOMA VLC systems,” arXiv preprint arXiv:2211.09456, 2022.
  18. S. Sun, F. Yang, J. Song, and Z. Han, “Joint resource management for intelligent reflecting surface–aided visible light communications,” IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun., vol. 21, no. 8, pp. 6508–6522, Aug. 2022.
  19. S. Sun, F. Yang, J. Song, and R. Zhang, “Intelligent reflecting surface for MIMO VLC: Joint design of surface configuration and transceiver signal processing,” IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun., pp. 1–1, 2023.
  20. Q. Wu, J. Zhang, Y. Zhang, G. Xin, and J. Guo, “Configuring reconfigurable intelligent surface for parallel MIMO visible light communications with asymptotic capacity maximization,” Appl. Sci., vol. 13, no. 1, p. 563, Dec. 2022.
  21. X.-D. Shi, L.-H. Hong, P.-F. Yu, J.-W. Shi, N. Liu, and J.-Y. Wang, “Performance analysis and parameter optimization for intelligent reflecting mirror array-aided visible light communications,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, vol. 39, no. 10, pp. 1839–1848, Oct. 2022.
  22. T. Yang, P. Wang, G. Li, H. Wang, S. Li, H. Shi, H. He, F. Shi, and S. Chi, “Average signal-to-noise ratio maximization for an intelligent reflecting surface and angle diversity receiver jointly assisted indoor visible light communication system,” Appl. Opt., vol. 61, no. 35, pp. 10 390–10 399, Dec. 2022.
  23. D. A. Saifaldeen, B. S. Ciftler, M. M. Abdallah, and K. A. Qaraqe, “DRL-based IRS-assisted secure visible light communications,” IEEE Photonics J., vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 1–9, Dec. 2022.
  24. A. M. Abdelhady, A. K. S. Salem, O. Amin, B. Shihada, and M.-S. Alouini, “Visible light communications via intelligent reflecting surfaces: Metasurfaces vs mirror arrays,” IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc., vol. 2, pp. 1–20, 2021.
  25. A. Krohn, A. Harlakin, S. Arms, S. Pachnicke, and P. A. Hoeher, “Impact of liquid crystal based interference mitigation and precoding on the multiuser performance of VLC massive MIMO arrays,” IEEE Photonics J., vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 1–12, Oct. 2022.
  26. A. Krohn, S. Pachnicke, and P. A. Hoeher, “Genetic optimization of liquid crystal matrix based interference suppression for VLC MIMO transmissions,” IEEE Photonics J., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 1–5, 2022.
  27. Q. Wu, J. Zhang, Y. Zhang, G. Xin, and D. Guo, “Asymptotic capacity maximization for MISO visible light communication systems with a liquid crystal RIS-based receiver,” in Photonics, vol. 10, no. 2.   Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, Jan. 2023, p. 128.
  28. T. Komine and M. Nakagawa, “Fundamental analysis for visible-light communication system using LED lights,” IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron., vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 100–107, Feb. 2004.
  29. M. D. Soltani, A. A. Purwita, Z. Zeng, H. Haas, and M. Safari, “Modeling the random orientation of mobile devices: Measurement, analysis and LiFi use case,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 2157–2172, Mar. 2019.
  30. V. Marinova, S. Huei Lin, R. Chung Liu, and K. Y. Hsu, “Photorefractive Effect: Principles, Materials, and Near-Infrared Holography,” Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, pp. 1–20, 1999.
  31. S. Mirjalili, “SCA: A sine cosine algorithm for solving optimization problems,” Knowl. Based Syst., vol. 96, pp. 120–133, Mar. 2016.
  32. J.-B. Wang, Q.-S. Hu, J. Wang, M. Chen, and J.-Y. Wang, “Tight bounds on channel capacity for dimmable visible light communications,” J. Light. Technol., vol. 31, no. 23, pp. 3771–3779, Dec. 2013.
  33. J. Li, C.-H. Wen, S. Gauza, R. Lu, and S.-T. Wu, “Refractive indices of liquid crystals for display applications,” J. Display Technol., vol. 1, no. 1, p. 51, Sep. 2005.
  34. X. Zhang, Q. Gao, C. Gong, and Z. Xu, “User grouping and power allocation for NOMA visible light communication multi-cell networks,” IEEE Commun. Lett., vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 777–780, Apr. 2017.
  35. T. Shen, V. Yachongka, Y. Hama, and H. Ochiai, “Secrecy design of indoor visible light communication network under downlink NOMA transmission,” arXiv preprint arXiv:2304.08458, Apr. 2023.
  36. O. Maraqa, A. S. Rajasekaran, S. Al-Ahmadi, H. Yanikomeroglu, and S. M. Sait, “A survey of rate-optimal power domain NOMA with enabling technologies of future wireless networks,” IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor., vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 2192–2235, Fourthquarter 2020.
  37. O. Maraqa, U. F. Siddiqi, S. Al-Ahmadi, and S. M. Sait, “On the achievable max-min user rates in multi-carrier centralized NOMA-VLC networks,” Sensors, vol. 21, no. 11, p. 3705, May 2021.
  38. S. Aboagye, T. M. N. Ngatched, O. A. Dobre, and A. G. Armada, “Energy efficient subchannel and power allocation in cooperative VLC systems,” IEEE Commun. Lett., vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 1935–1939, Jun. 2021.
  39. L. Zhan, H. Zhao, W. Zhang, and J. Lin, “An optimal scheme for the number of mirrors in vehicular visible light communication via mirror array-based intelligent reflecting surfaces,” in Photonics, vol. 9, no. 3.   MDPI, Feb. 2022, p. 129.
  40. S. Ma, T. Zhang, S. Lu, H. Li, Z. Wu, and S. Li, “Energy efficiency of SISO and MISO in visible light communication systems,” J. Light. Technol., vol. 36, no. 12, pp. 2499–2509, Jun. 2018.
  41. Y. Liu, X. Mu, X. Liu, M. Di Renzo, Z. Ding, and R. Schober, “Reconfigurable intelligent surface-aided multi-user networks: Interplay between NOMA and RIS,” IEEE Wirel. Commun., vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 169–176, Apr. 2022.
Citations (16)
View on Semantic Scholar

Summary

No one has generated a summary of this paper yet.

Ai Sparkles Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com Sign Up to Summarize

Paper to Video (Beta)

Whiteboard

No one has generated a whiteboard explanation for this paper yet.

Ai Sparkles Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com Sign Up to Generate

Open Problems

We haven't generated a list of open problems mentioned in this paper yet.

Ai Sparkles Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com Generate Now

Continue Learning

We haven't generated follow-up questions for this paper yet.

Ai Sparkles Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com Generate Now

Collections

Sign up for free to add this paper to one or more collections.

User Circle Single Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com Sign Up