Probing quark transverse momentum distributions in the Color Glass Condensate: quark-gluon dijets in Deep Inelastic Scattering at next-to-eikonal accuracy

Abstract: We study the production, in Deep Inelastic Scattering at high energy, of a quark-gluon dijet induced by $t$-channel quark exchange with the target, which goes beyond the eikonal approximation. Throughout this study we follow the Color Glass Condensate approach, keep full dependence on the quark mass and consider the target to be unpolarized. We focus on the correlation limit in which the produced jets fly almost back-to-back and find a factorized expression for the cross section, for both longitudinal and transverse photons, involving the unpolarized quark transverse momentum dependent distribution. Quark-gluon dijets can be distinguished from other types of dijets at least in the heavy quark case, thanks to heavy flavor tagging. In that case, the dominant background is expected to come from the eikonal production of a quark-antiquark-gluon system. We propose experimental cuts to suppress that background contribution, making the process of quark-gluon dijet production in Deep Inelastic Scattering a new method to probe the quark transverse momentum dependent distribution at the Electron Ion Collider.