Ellipsoidal and hyperbolic Radon transforms; microlocal properties and injectivity

Abstract: We present novel microlocal and injectivity analyses of ellipsoid and hyperboloid Radon transforms. We introduce a new Radon transform, $R$, which defines the integrals of a compactly supported $L^2$ function, $f$, over ellipsoids and hyperboloids with centers on a smooth connected surface, $S$. $R$ is shown to be a Fourier Integral Operator (FIO) and in our main theorem we prove that $R$ satisfies the Bolker condition if the support of $f$ is connected and not intersected by any plane tangent to $S$. Under certain conditions, this is an equivalence. We give examples where our theory can be applied. Focusing specifically on a cylindrical geometry of interest in Ultrasound Reflection Tomography (URT), we prove injectivity results and investigate the visible singularities. In addition, we present example reconstructions of image phantoms in two-dimensions, and validate our microlocal theory.