Generic expansions and the group configuration theorem

Abstract: We exhibit a connection between geometric stability theory and the classification of unstable structures at the level of simplicity and the $\mathrm{NSOP}{1}$-$\mathrm{SOP}{3}$ gap. Particularly, we introduce generic expansions $T^{R}$ of a theory $T$ associated with a definable relation $R$ of $T$, which can consist of adding a new unary predicate or a new equivalence relation. When $T$ is weakly minimal and $R$ is a ternary fiber algebraic relation, we show that $T^{R}$ is a well-defined $\mathrm{NSOP}{4}$ theory, and use one of the main results of geometric stability theory, the \textit{group configuration theorem} of Hrushovski, to give an exact correspondence between the geometry of $R$ and the classification-theoretic complexity of $T^{R}$. Namely, $T^{R}$ is $\mathrm{SOP}{3}$, and $\mathrm{TP}{2}$ exactly when $R$ is geometrically equivalent to the graph of a type-definable group operation; otherwise, $T^{R}$ is either simple (in the predicate version of $T^{R}$) or $\mathrm{NSOP}{1}$ (in the equivalence relation version.) This gives us new examples of strictly $\mathrm{NSOP}_{1}$ theories.