Mathematical specification of hitomezashi designs

Abstract: Two mathematical aspects of the centuries-old Japanese sashiko stitching form hitomezashi are discussed: the encoding of designs using words from a binary alphabet, and duality. Traditional hitomezashi designs are analysed using these two ideas. Self-dual hitomezashi designs related to Fibonacci snowflakes, which we term Pell persimmon polyomino patterns, are proposed. Both these designs and the binary words used to generate them appear to be new to their respective literatures.