Barrow Holographic Dark Energy Model with GO Cut-off -- An Alternative Perspective

Abstract: Recently, Barrow holographic dark energy (BHDE), based on Barrow entropy, has been proposed to describe the late acceleration of the universe. Contrary to the earlier analysis of this model in the literature, we consider the BHDE with the Granda-Oliveros length as IR cut-off, as a dynamical vacuum, having a constant equation of state $\omega_{\Lambda}=-1.$ We have analytically solved for the Hubble parameter and studied the evolution of cosmological parameters. The model is compared with the observational data on Hubble parameter (OHD36) and Supernovae type Ia (SN Ia), the pantheon data. In the absence of interaction between the dark sectors, we found that the model predicts a $\Lambda$CDM like evolution of the universe with an effective cosmological constant. In this case, the model is found to satisfy the generalized second law (GSL), irrespective of the value of the Barrow index. The interaction also shows the safe validity of GSL, for the extracted value of the Barrow index, $\Delta=0.063\pm 0.029$. The thermodynamic analysis of the model predicts an end de Sitter phase of maximum entropy. We performed a dynamical system analysis, which reveals that the end de Sitter phase is stable. Furthermore, we performed the Information Criterion analysis using Akaike and Bayesian Information Criterion to compare the statistical compatibility of the present model with the standard $\Lambda$CDM model.