Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry and Sivers Function in Large Momentum Effective Theory

Abstract: We apply recent developments in large momentum effective theory (LaMET) to formulate a non-perturbative calculation of the single-transverse spin asymmetry in terms of the quasi transverse-momentum-dependent quark distribution functions from the so-called Sivers mechanism. When the spin asymmetry is defined as the ratio of the quark Sivers function over the spin averaged distribution, it can be directly calculated in terms of the relevant quasi distributions with the soft functions and perturbative matching kernels cancelling out. Apart from the general formula presented, we have verified the result in the small transverse distance limit at one-loop order, which reduces to a collinear expansion at twist-three level.